Arctic oscillation (or any other) is used ad an “index”, just like at Wall Street. The Arctic Oscillation (AO) refers to an atmospheric circulation pattern over the mid-to-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Res.Proshutinsky A, Bourke RH, McLaughlin FA.

Hakkinen, S. Arctic source for Great Salinity Anomaly: A simulation of the Arctic ice ocean system for 1955– 1975. Ind. In a stark deviation from this pattern, the ACCR started in 1997 has dominated in the Arctic over the last 17 years (figure 5f). Weather Rev., 106, 296–310. (doi:Proshutinsky A, Ashik I, Dvorkin E, Häkkinen S,Krishfield R, Peltier R. 2004 Secular sea level change in the Russian sector of the Arctic Ocean. Arctic Oscillation (AO). The model was developed initially to investigate and predict storm surges and tides in the Arctic Ocean (Proshutinsky, 1993); it has been employed since 1992 by the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (St. Petersburg, Russia) as an operational model to predict sea ice conditions and sea level variability in the Arctic Ocean. Below, we explain the … The following statement from the A further, quite graphic illustration of the effects of the negative phase of the oscillation occurred in February 2010. Dept., 25, 275– 332.Wadhams P. 1994 Sea ice thickness changes and their relation to climate, In Polar Oceans and Their Role in Shaping the Global Environment, Geophys. 2006  Arctic decadal variability from an idealized atmosphere-ice-ocean model: 1. Of essential importance to our understanding of the evolving Arctic system, and its impact on the global environment, is to discern the causes and consequences of the apparent break-down in the decadal variability of circulation regimes. 104(C11), 25,761–25,788.Overland JE, 2009 Meteorology of the Beaufort Sea, J. Geophys. During a typical ACCR, the Arctic atmosphere is relatively cool and dry (Proshutinsky and Johnson, 1997; Proshutinsky et al., 1999). Polyakov I, Proshutinsky A, Johnson M. 1999 The seasonal cycles in two regimes of Arctic climate. 2006. & Malmberg S-A. The observed trend in the AO toward its “high index” … 1972 Recent climatic change and increased glacierization in the eastern Canadian Arctic, Nature, 237, 385–387.Budyko MI.

The Arctic oscillation index is defined using the daily or monthly 1000 hPa Over most of the past century, the Arctic oscillation alternated between positive and negative phases. It is defined as a belt of westerly winds or low pressure surrounding Antarctica which moves north or south as its mode of variability. Bradley & Miller,1972; Budyko,1977; van Loon & Rogers, 1978; Jones et al., 1986; Wadhams, 1994; Dickson, 1999;  Vinnikov et al., 1999;  Hakkinen and Geiger, 2000) at decadal and shorter time scales. & Wallace J. M. The Arctic Oscillation signature in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields, Geophys. 1999 Global warming and Northern Hemisphere sea ice extent, J. Proshutinsky A, Johnson M.1997 Two circulation regimes of the wind-driven Arctic Ocean. The Arctic Oscillation also has big impacts on weather in the Arctic and beyond. Over the period 1948-1996 the AOO has been shown to be the most appropriate index to capture variability in key Arctic environmental parameters (Proshutinsky et al., 1999; Polyakov et al., 1999; Overland, 2009).The AOO index was first defined in Proshutinsky & Johnson (1997) based on analysis of annual sea surface height fields simulated employing a regional Arctic shallow-water barotropic coupled ice-ocean model (Proshutinsky, 1993; Proshutinsky and Johnson, 1997). Monogr.

The AO index (Figure S15.10 c) is the amplitude of this dominant EOF. (1999) showed that the two-climate regime theory characterized by AOO variability explains much of the observed decadal variability of the Arctic Ocean, and helps to reconcile the different conclusions among analyses of Arctic data obtained during different climate regimes. It means that it is used as a quick first assessment of the circulation state, just by looking at one value of this index, instead of going through various weather maps. Res.Dukhovskoy DS, Johnson M, Proshutinsky A.